Tag Archives: trust

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Storytelling Is the New Advertising

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Not long ago, advertisements you saw in newspapers and magazines were made to capture attention with style and flare. Whether those advertisements were from back in the day, or 21st century pop-ups that invade the screen on your device as you scroll through websites, ad copy displayed flawless visuals and meticulously phrased text, both carefully crafted to dazzle and persuade a broad swath of the ad’s target market viewers. But that was then and this is now.

In the here and now, tightly scripted advertisements appear to be losing their hold on audiences. The viewing public, some of whom are within your target market, are apparently tiring of what can easily be interpreted as ad agency engineered, focus-group tested and totally corporate. Your future clients, and maybe you, too, value what feels genuine, relatable, believable—authentic. Your future clients are hungering for comfort food served in a favorite neighborhood place, not a four- course banquet served in a grand, Michelin starred restaurant.

What future clients are increasing drawn to is storytelling—personal testimony that comes across as unscripted and communicates a set of values and guiding principles that inform how you conduct your business and and even personal life. The influence and impact of storytelling continues to expand and it seems to already have become the future of adverting in B2B and B2C markets.

Advertising experts call the emerging storytelling phenomenon the trust economy and it is winning loyalty (and wallets) with its apparently unrehearsed, believable, real first-person accounts that are overtaking the glossy ads of days past. For example, brands that feature storytelling by the company founder—maybe showing a clip that illustrates what’s happening behind the scenes or revealing that a percentage of company profit is devoted to a certain philanthropy and also explaining how the recipients benefit— are winning customers, growing their follower and customer communities and surpassing the usual results of traditional advertising. In today’s marketplace, authenticity—which is a defining ingredient of trust— has become real currency. Authentic storytelling is how you can earn it.

Maybe the rise of storytelling is a reaction to all those banner ads and pop-ups that clutter screens and have come to annoy digital audiences? Ad-blocker usage is high, especially among Generation Z (born 1997-2012) and Generation Alpha (born 2010-2025) cohorts, whose members show skepticism toward traditional advertisements. According to marketing researchers and thought leaders, authenticity is now a leading B2B purchasing driver, with prospective buyers more likely to buy from brands they perceive as transparent and real. This generational demand for “truth” means over-engineered marketing campaigns and content may no longer resonate with your target audience. But the apparently candid testimonials that typify storytelling are perceived as believable, authentic and trustworthy.

Powerful stories

On every continent and throughout human history, people with a gift for telling a story have held power in their community. We like hearing a good story that is told well. Stories told by company founders and even employees have a persuasive resonance in today’s marketplace. For example, entrepreneurs who share factors that motivated them to launch their business entity and tell the company origin story—and perhaps bravely admitting their struggles, pivots, or failures — create intimacy and relatability with their audience that neither impossibly glamorous models or bland-looking actors who were once the faces of hundreds of companies, smiling and spouting the official brand messages—cannot match.

Furthermore, traditional ads—TV, radio, print, or digital— are more expensive than ever and their returns are diminishing. By contrast, trust and authenticity-driven advertising (marketing) campaigns often require smaller budgets and deliver outsized impact in viewer engagement and word-of-mouth.

Storytelling, which is an outbound marketing strategy and therefore defined as a push promotional marketing tactic, is fundamentally different from the typical message broadcasting that defines outbound marketing, from television, radio, or print ads to sponsoring the holiday tree lighting in your neighborhood.

Expert storytelling invites the audience into a journey. Stories are a shared experience, personal and intimate and capable of making what is a transactional relationship—selling and buying— into communities of shared values and beliefs and whose participants can develop loyalty. Harvard Business Review notes that brands that present authentic narratives in their advertising and other content marketing activities see measurable improvements in consumer trust and loyalty. As well, Nielsen’s Trust in Advertising Report highlights that recommendations from “people like me” remain the most trusted source of brand information and vastly outperforms paid ads.

Build trust into marketing strategies

The core of storytelling is about developing a narrative that is believable and therefore resonates on an emotional level with audience members. The goal is to create a connection with your audience that inspires trust in and loyalty to your brand. A marketing strategy whose message prioritizes truth and has authenticity as its core delivers story narratives that your current and future clients will believe in. Your brand story, when effectively told, can connect with your current and future clients on a deeper level, providing feelings of belonging and loyalty. This emotional connection is crucial in building a lasting relationship between the brand and its consumers. When developing your storytelling strategy and choosing key elements to incorporate in the narrative, you might include:

  • showcasing not only the company founders, but also employees as storytellers
  • Sharing behind-the-scenes happenings with humility, honesty and maybe a touch of humor as well
  • Participating in social media as well as selected in-person community events or platforms to create opportunities that invite two-way communication with your clients, prospects and other followers
  • To evaluate the impact and outcomes of your storytelling marketing campaigns, measure not just impressions but also viewer sentiment, advocacy and engagement metrics

Develop your brand story

Storytellers may sound unscripted and in the strictest sense of the word, that may be true. However, effective storytellers, whether they are entertainers or entrepreneurs, know their talking points. They know the theme and purpose of the narrative. They know how to present the story to the audience and make it capture attention and flow. In other words, creating an effective brand story requires careful consideration. Here are key elements to keep in mind:

  • Know your audience: Understanding your target audience is always essential in public speaking. Make a list of what you feel represent your values, guiding principles, priorities and purpose and consider how they impact the company. You may also want to include challenges and pain points and a reach-for-the-stars goal or two. Tailor your story narrative to resonate with your audience.
  • Clear message and purpose: You don’t want to rant, you don’t want to humble brag. You must have a purpose, an objective, that can lead you to devise a compelling story. Your story should have a clear and concise message. Avoid overcomplicating the narrative; focus on the core message you want to convey, keeping it simple. You should have a Call to Action—what do you want your audience to do—maybe make a purchase, so that they can feel philanthropic by knowing that a portion of each sale will be used to fund a worthy cause, e.g., a healthcare or educational organization?
  • Authenticity: Authenticity is crucial to storytelling. Your clients can easily detect inauthentic narratives, which can damage a brand’s reputation. Ensure that your story aligns with your brand values, company vision and mission.
  • Emotional appeal: Incorporate elements that evoke emotions. Whether it’s joy, sadness, inspiration or nostalgia, an emotional connection can significantly enhance the impact of your story.
  • Organize the narrative: Your story must have a beginning, middle and end. It must have an intro that intrigues viewers and a conclusion that inspires them. A Call-to-Action will tell them how to direct the emotions your story has built up; it creates a common purpose among audience members and is a bonding and community-building experience.
  • Visual and verbal aspects: Combine visual and verbal elements to create a cohesive and immersive experience. Use imagery, videos and written content to bring your story to life.

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: © Alejandra Brun/ Agence France-Presse for Getty Images. Charles Robinson, member of the Choctaw tribe (AL, LA, MS, OK), dances during his storytelling presentation in Lima, Peru, August 2003

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First-Person Data: Collect and Protect

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Compliance takes a leading role in marketing strategy

The accelerating use of Generative AI that’s occurring in business entities large and small has sparked privacy concerns in data management and IT security teams, marketing C-Suites and the offices of corporate governance/compliance attorneys. Whether the leadership at your organization calls itself progressive or conservative, it’s absolutely necessary to develop data implementation and risk management protocols, and create a crisis management public relations strategy while you’re at it, when integrating artificial intelligence backed software tools into your business operations.

Protecting client relationships and brand reputation has persuaded many organizations to bake compliance regulations into their marketing strategies, in particular those supported by GenAI. International Data Corporation (IDC), a global market intelligence and data provider for the IT, telecommunications and consumer technology markets headquartered near Boston, MA, cautions that stringent data compliance protocols are no longer merely optional, but are necessary, to avoid financial and reputational harm.

We’re all personally impacted by the increasingly pervasive use of AI and you are well aware that data privacy is high-priority to your client (and you). Regular reports of cyberattacks and data breaches intensify concern. While the the expansion of AI-powered software systems result in a more efficient, responsive and personalized experience that clients value and now expect, it’s usage simultaneously makes clients wonder about the security of their data. Research by Publishers Clearing House found that 86% of Americans are more concerned about their privacy and data security than the state of the US economy. However, 62% either don’t know or are misinformed about how their data is being used.

Sigh. There is an upside, however. Advanced risk monitoring tools, automated reporting and responsible AI frameworks can act as gatekeepers and companies achieve regulatory requirements. Businesses that integrate transparency and ethical AI practices into their governance policies and procedures can reduce the possibility of data breaches and other AI-related risks and simultaneously enhance client trust and strengthen the company’s brand reputation.

There is also legislation designed to reassure consumers that protecting their personal data is serious business and is, in some municipalities, the law. Protective measures meant to safeguard the processing of personal data is demonstrated by the change of privacy features at Google, the implementation of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR), whose purpose is to protect the privacy and personal data of individuals in the European Union and European Common Market and the adoption of the California Consumer Privacy Act (CCPA).

What is first-party data?

First-party data is information your company has collected directly from clients and prospects, site visitors, or social media followers. First-party data comes directly to you and the more touchpoints you provide, the more opportunities you will have to collect this information. It is an extremely valuable type of data for businesses. In comparison, second-party data is shared by a trusted source, while third-party data is data aggregated from other sources, which can include social media platforms and public records.

Marketers recognize that personalization is the cornerstone of a pleasing and potentially memorable customer experience and that collecting, implementing and storing client data —first-party data—is integral to personalization. Marketers enter first-party data into customer relations management (CRM) systems to enhance personalization, use CRM predictive analytics to get insight into client behaviors and preferences, recognize client segments and then target marketing campaigns accordingly. Sources of first-party data include:

  • Client demographic info
  • Client buying history
  • Leadgen campaigns
  • Client or prospect interactions with your website or app
  • Surveys and other online feedback that clients may participate in
  • Client, prospect or other visitors user-generated content or social media conversation transcripts
  • Blog, email and newsletter subscribers
  • Program registration lists, e.g. webinar, workshop, or meeting sign-ups

Why do you want first-party data?

First-party data helps you to paint a picture of your client and develop a reliable buyer persona. It is enormously useful because it delivers accurate client and prospect information—user info from all the touchpoints—that enables you to target the right buyers for your services or products. You’ll also be able to make better informed decisions when figuring out what personalization looks like to your clients.

First-party data enables marketers to build a customer experience that reflects user purchase history, if applicable, or other known preferences and behaviors that enrich and enhance the customer experience. Personalization is like the bartender who knows your drink or the waiter who shows you to your favorite table. Now you’ll have an accurate blueprint to follow when figuring out how to nurture a brand community of long-term clients who are happy to buy your products or services, make personal referrals and generate good word-of-mouth on social media.

Transcribe first-party data into your Customer Relationship Management (CRM) platform to create a database of everyone who’s visited your website and social media platforms. But before you start using your first-party data, think about what you want to achieve, to ensure that you’ll maximize its many benefits. You may want to do one or more of the following:

  • Building brand awareness 
  • Expanding leadgen activities
  • Encouraging repeat business and discouraging client churn 
  • Re-engaging lapsed clients and non-converting prospects
  • Growing your thought leadership content audience—blog, newsletter, podcast, webinars, speaking engagements

When you get enough first-person data to have confidence in the size of your sample, begin to implement your strategy—segment your audience and use your first-party data insights to maximize conversions on your website by optimizing user experience, targeted marketing messages, the buyer personas to understand your customers and create customized emails or (email) newsletters that will be relevant to the primary sectors (e.g., hospitals, schools, for-profit, not-for-profit, small business, global enterprise).

As well, Freelance consulting specialists and other B2B entities can follow the highly aligned and targeted account-based marketing format to produce relevant and personalized content to your market segments across the digital channels you occupy— posting tailored content in a various formats (e.g. blogs, videos, e-books, case studies) that resonate with those audience segments.

The ability to personalize marketing outreach activities cannot be overestimated—96% of shoppers say they’re “likely to purchase when brands send personalized messages.” Meanwhile, a 2025 consumer trends report generated by Businesswire found that “three out of four surveyed shoppers have already abandoned brands they once loved in favor of those offering more personalized experiences, while 81% say they routinely ignore marketing messages that don’t feel relevant”. When you throw in the harsh realities that client acquisition costs are increasing, client lifetime value is decreasing and the competitive landscape is intensifying, making the most of first-party client data becomes imperative. But the catch-22 is that possession of client personal data, which often includes contact info and credit card numbers, is a risky proposition.

Collect data, protect data

The widespread restrictions on third-party cookies by leading web browsers presents real challenges to the collection of first-party data, even when enabled by data collection by sites you control (e.g., your website). With Google putting the brakes on third-party cookies, plus Edge, Firefox and Safari shutting off cookies, first-party data is more valuable than ever.

How can businesses safely collect this essential marketing/ sales resource and simultaneously navigate obstacles around data security and client privacy expectations? The implementation of advanced security measures to protect against fraud and data breaches is a must-do. Ensuring compliance throughout the transition is also crucial, especially with evolving data privacy regulations.

In addition to conducting regular security audits to ensure data is secure, businesses should go beyond standard encryption practices and adopt advanced security measures such as tokenization for sensitive data fields, which minimizes the risk of exposing real data should a breach occur. It is recommended that companies should leverage automated tools for continuous security monitoring and compliance checks that can provide real-time alerts on suspicious activities that help to preempt potential security incidents. 

Maintain client trust

In Freelance consulting, trust and expertise are foundational. Clients entrust their sensitive data, strategic plans and proprietary work flow processes to you and expect their information to be kept private and secure. That is an ingredient in your recipe to win confidence, build strong, lasting relationships and establish and maintain your image as a reliable partner. You, Freelance friend, must institute all reasonable measures to protect client sensitive information, but as you know, the growing cybersecurity security threats can make that task feel like an ongoing battle. Here are effective defensive, low or no-cost, tactics you can take:

  • Read up on cybersecurity best practices that have SMBs and Freelance consultants in mind on the Small Business Association SCORE website.
  • Multi-Factor Authentication adds a layer of security by requiring users to verify their identity with both a password and a confirmation phone call or email.
  • Secure file permissions ensure that only authorized individuals can create, edit, or share sensitive documents. Encrypt sensitive documents and store them in the cloud to add another layer of security by instituting more stringently controlled access.
  • Hard-copy documents that contain sensitive information should be stored securely in a locked cabinet or safe when not in use.  
  • When possible, conduct meetings during which confidential topics will be discussed in person rather than on videoconference calls.
  • Devise an incident response/crisis communication PR strategy that provides explicit instructions, defines responsibilities and details your data recovery strategy in the event of a security incident. Your organization must respond quickly and in a calm and professional manner that demonstrates your control over matters and ability to resolve the incident and inform and reassure clients as you do.

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: AI-generated image courtesy of StockCake

 

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On Considering a Business Partnership

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It’s often said that two heads are better than one. If you’d like to achieve an important goal or solve a problem that’s disturbing your life, help may materialize as a friend who suggests a solution that overcomes the obstacle. Now if the advice you need concerns a business venture, your answer could be found in the person of a business partner who’s willing to join you in the venture and bring resources that help jumpstart the success you envision.

Freelance professionals and other business owners may reap significant benefits from a partnership; a wisely chosen business partner will bring resources to your company that, depending on the products and/or services sold, can position the entity to take on big budget, high profile projects, introduce more clients, expand the products or services the company provides and/or improve access to capital that enables the business to scale and expand.

Partnership planning

Forrester, a global market research company with headquarters in London, UK and Cambridge, MA, in 2019 conducted a study that revealed companies worldwide use business partnerships to “drive competitive advantage.” Results indicated that 77% of companies view partnerships as “central to their business strategies and initiatives.” Those encouraging results could apply to your company, too, if you set things up right.

Because a partnership is a long-term, game-changing strategy, it’s essential that you discuss the idea with your accountant and business attorney before making any moves. There are different types of partnerships you can create, any of which might benefit your company. If the possibility of a partnership comes to mind, consider your vision for the business. Where is it now, in terms of profitability, number of clients and shrewd competitors? What do you want the business to look like in five years and what are you willing to do and spend to make it happen?

The insights and recommendations of your advisers, who are familiar with company finances and other important factors, will help you decide the type of partnership that has the greatest potential to fulfill your business goals. Involve whoever appears to be a strong candidate to join you in meetings with your advisers to talk specifics. It will make sense to ask your business attorney to draft a written partnership agreement for the new entity, whether or not your state requires that such a document must be filed with your Secretary of State or Attorney General.

Below are two standard partnership formats; the specifics of your choice will be included in the agreement, as will the ownership percentage of each partner. Keep in mind that partner contributions to the business may take various forms. Capital contributions can be made as cash, property, equipment, or intellectual property. The value of each partner’s contribution will impact the percentage of his/her ownership stake.

  • General partnership: where two or more individuals own and manage the business. GPs share equal responsibility and decision-making rights for the business, will receive the agreed-upon share of profits generated and will incur the agreed-upon liability for losses and debts. The liabilities, contributions and responsibilities of partners are typically equal unless stated otherwise. Profits and losses are shared equally, unless stated otherwise.
  • Limited partnership: limits the amount of financial liability for partners who join the entity as an investment opportunity. While there must be at least one general partner, there may be several limited partners, whose function is to bring additional operating capital to the entity. LPs receive profits and are also responsible for debts or losses, in accordance with the size of their contribution. They are not involved in the day-to-day management of the business, nor do they have decision-making power. LPs, often called “silent partners,” serve solely as investors in the business, with the funds they contribute being the extent of their liability.

The partner dance: who zigs, who zags

The person(s) you invite into your business is/are determined by the role the partnership will play in the company. Do you want a co-worker to help you operate the business and also add money and/or other resources? Or do you want more money to invest in the entity while you remain at the helm, developing and executing goals and strategies designed to advance business goals? As noted, you’ll begin by discussing your vision with advisers.

Once it’s decided whether a GP or LP arrangement is applicable, you’ll consider appropriate candidates to approach. In their 2015 book Rocket Fuel, authors Gino Wickman and Mark Winters stress the importance of having both a visionary and integrator — two different people — in order to successfully scale companies. The authors say, “When these two people share their natural talents and innate skill sets, they have the power to reach new heights for virtually any company or organization.”

Restaurants, in particular, typically follow an alternative partnership model, known as “front of the house” and “back of the house.” The front of the house partner is the extrovert who takes on customer-facing responsibilities—greeting customers, acting as the public face of the operation and talking to restaurant viewers and media representatives and, based on those functions, oversees marketing and brand management, for example. The back of the house partner oversees kitchen prep and clean-up, inventory management, accounting/finance and operations functions. Note that the format recommended by Wickman and Winters, as well as the restaurant model, are actually operating agreements and are used by GPs and not LPs.

Your partnership operating agreement should be committed to writing, so that the responsibilities of each partner, accompanied by job descriptions that clearly assign the related tasks, are spelled out. Below are questions that will help aspiring partners get to know one another better and perhaps anticipate how the new team will function, for example, when developing goals, implementing strategies and making decisions.

  • What motivates an aspiring partner?
    It’s only natural to begin the conversation by explaining your reasons for seeking a partner. However, you may learn more by listening to the candidate discuss his/her preferences, expectations, perceived strengths and weaknesses and needs—you want to avoid making assumptions about others’ goals and intentions. Furthermore, make sure you’re on the same page about issues like work ethic, business growth or expansion, willingness to take on risk (see below) and spending money.
  • How will you handle risk?
    Risk is present in all business ventures and we all have our way of approaching risk in its various guises. Partnerships will have a greater chance to succeed if those involved share a similar attitude toward risk. It may be possible to limit the possibility of taking on excessive risk in the partnership agreement, but it’s best to know if one partner is primarily risk-averse or a gambler and consider those characteristics when choosing the partner(s).
  • Agree on performance evaluations (KPIs)
    Unfortunately, many entrepreneurs create or join partnerships that don’t deliver. Quantifying expectations that will define success upfront gives partners the ability to objectively assess and track business performance. If the needle isn’t moving, partners can then decide on a course correction. It may be useful to include in the partnership agreement required performance assessments that make renewal of the partnership contingent upon achieving certain KPI milestones.

Characteristics of the right partner

Partnerships, like all relationships, are primarily built on trust. With that in mind, below are practical considerations to help you recognize a potential partner. Obviously, you want to partner with someone who is honest, committed, works hard and smart and is easy to get along with. Characteristics and conditions that you may want to look for as you consider a potential partner include:

  1. Trustworthy

As noted, trust is the foundation of the partnership. If you can’t trust your partner, nothing else will matter. The challenge lies in trying to assess trustworthiness when you don’t have a pre-existing relationship. Evaluating trustworthiness often comes down to the feeling you get when interviewing a prospective partner and examining his/her business track record. You’ll need to have several conversations with any potential partner — discussing experiences, beliefs, vision, background and other situational factors.

You may as well want to have conversations with people who know the candidate personally and professionally. Be sensitive to the way other people talk about your prospective partner—do they seem to feel positive and enthusiastic, or do they seem guarded or even indifferent?

A candidate’s business track record will also tell a story. Scrutinize candidate resumes and evaluate the financial performance of businesses they’ve owned or worked for in the previously. Were these companies and/or departments better off when the candidate left? Were there any questionable decisions that act as red flags?

2. Compatible

You’ll spend a lot of time with your business partner. You don’t have to be best friends, but you’ll need to forge a good working relationship, enabled to identify and prioritize goals and get things done. There must be a healthy dynamic that allows you to function as a team for the betterment of the business. Evaluating potential compatibility often comes down to a gut feeling.

3. Complementary skills

While compatibility is important, you don’t want to bring on a business partner who has an identical skill set. This won’t move the needle much for your business. Ideally, you find someone who has complementary skills. For example, if you’re good at innovation and product development, you might want a founder who has more experience with sales and marketing. Think back of the house, front of the house and also visionary and integrator.

4. The right network

Networking is a huge part of launching and growing a business. A venture in its early stages especially is highly dependent on a robust network of relationships to get the word out about the new venture. Even as the business grows, a healthy network will open doors for new opportunities.

Many will say that the network should be large, but I recommend quality over quantity. Having relationships with a select number of influential professional and/or personal contacts who will advocate for you and recommend or refer you to potentially good opportunities, as I see it, is much more effective than an extensive network that’s filled with people who cannot or will not make a phone call on your behalf or anything else to further your cause.

Apply this principle to your search for a partner. On your qualifications list should be the quality, or if you prefer the quantity, of his/her network. A partnership should give you/the business instant access to new, beneficial relationships . Between your network and theirs, you should notice an instant increase in revenue potential.

5. Problem-solving skills

As you know, running a business is all about recognizing, solving and, ideally, avoiding problems. That points to the need to find a resourceful and responsible person who has enough business operating experience to have become a skilled problem-solver. As you interview candidates, ask each one to describe a couple of business problems that s/he has faced and how (or if!) the issue was resolved.

It is very instructive to grasp how a partner is likely to respond when there’s a problem to confront. Did your candidate ignore the problem, hoping that over time the issue would resolve on its own, or did s/he quickly jump in to fix things, perhaps before understanding the root cause and whether an effective response could be made by your team, or if it would be wiser to rally the support of fellow business owners?

Depending on the situation, either response could be appropriate. Getting a sense of the Emotional Intelligence, judgment and strategic thinking style of a prospective partner will give you a strong indication of that person’s suitability to become a good partner for you.

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: Diane Arbus, ©The Estate of Diane Arbus LLC. Cathleen and Colleen Wade at age seven (Roselle, NJ 1967)

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Lemons into Lemonade: When the Prospect Says No

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Unless you’re selling iPhones and iPads or another hot product, you know that sales is a tough business (I speak from lived experience). It’s a fact that prospects usually decline to buy. According to 2024 data compiled by researchers at Hubspot, the inbound marketing company based in Cambridge, MA, the average B2B sale has a success rate of 29%. https://blog.hubspot.com/sales/sales-statistics

Selling is a complex and intimate form of communication, a skill that’s impacted by luck (good or bad), timing, money, relationships, serendipitous trends and the needs or wants of prospective customers. Is it possible to crack the 29% close rate? Maybe if you’re an especially gifted talker and luck is on your side. For the rest of us, though, a lost sale means trying to get past disappointment as you pick up the pieces and move on.

When you think about it, you may agree that the best outcome of a sales presentation is to get an honest answer from your prospect. The worse possible outcome is when the prospect ghosts you, gives you the silent treatment. According to research by Matt Dixon and Ted McKenna, co-founders of DCM Insights, a B2B sales training company, and co-authors of The Jolt Effect: How High Performers Overcome Customer Indecision (2022), 40% – 60% of B2B sales are lost to no decision—ghosting by another name. Yes is always the favorite answer but even no feels better than being ghosted.

If selling is integral to your business, you’ll do well to focus on just getting an answer from your prospect, even if it’s not the one you hope for. In the competitive terrain of B2B sales, the pressure to extract yes from prospects can lead to frustration and stress. But those whose livelihood depends on successful sales—Freelancers, business owners and sales reps working for a company they don’t own—cannot continually chase down prospects, especially when it’s obvious they’ve slipped away. That’s a losing strategy, both time-wasting and corrosive to self-esteem.

There is a sliver of bright side, however, because when the prospect says no, it doesn’t always mean that you leave the scene empty-handed. The less experienced or confident salesperson will automatically assume that no means never. That could be true, but those who’ve been around the block a couple of times know that a prospect who declines to buy today might mean, “let’s talk at another time.” Those who sell should be aware that a third option can exist beyond the yes/ no paradigm.

The often neglected third option can lead prospects to revisit, reassess and sometimes redo a rejected sales decision. If you enable the process, you and your prospect together can access the third option and expand the meaning of a successful sale. It’s good sales strategy and respects the power you’ve earned as a professional who creates value.

So, when preparing for the next sales meeting, why not adjust expectations of potential outcomes and re-frame your definition of a “lost” sale? Like describing whether your glass is half-empty or half-full, allow yourself to reclassify no and redefine it as another type of opportunity—kind of like turning lemons into lemonade. Many prospective customers are not completely forthcoming when discussing a potential sale. As noted by Dixon and McKenna (above), roughly half of B2B sales are lost because no decision is made.

That all-too-common lapse should be the biggest motivation for those who sell for a living to ask probing questions when meeting with prospects. You need to tease out any unspoken agenda items and get the cards on the table. You set the stage for a candid discussion during sales meetings by showing that you care: listen well, take notes and repeat key phrases to confirm what needs to be resolved, achieved and/or avoided. Do that and you’ll earn trust and make it comfortable for the prospect to tell you what’s up, instead of ghosting you because s/he can’t figure out how to talk about things.

Yes, no, next steps

To encourage yes (and discourage a future no), make sure you and the prospect establish and agree on whatever next steps will continue the positive momentum of your conversation and facilitate ongoing engagement. In other words, do what you can to keep the prospect talking and keep alive the possibility of a sale, even if the timing will be later rather than sooner. Make the lemonade.

For best results, propose a specific time-frame for follow-up actions that lead to the next conversation. The follow-up will be an action plan that functions to promote the chances of converting the prospect into a yes in the future. Still, remember that your reassessment of a win should mean that you focus on getting a well-considered answer. If the answer is based on a thorough evaluation of your proposal by the prospect’s decision team, then call it a win, whether s/he says yes or no. Ghosting is what you want to avoid. Here are rewards you’ll get when you re-frame the meaning of successful selling:

  • Yes: Always the favorite answer. Your talking points and proposal convinced the prospect.
  • No: An unequivocal no does not always represent failure, as it tells you to move forward and pursue potentially more promising leads. The earlier in the sales process that no arrives the better it is for you. Then, you can redirect your time and energy on opportunities that may get you to yes.
  • Next steps: This option is based on specific follow-up actions and a scheduled time to meet with your prospect. Next steps is a win because it confirms potential interest and outlines a roadmap to a possible “yes.” The key to next steps is a specific follow-up time-frame.

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: © Getty images. Children Selling Lemonade, 1945

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Brand Building: Deliver the Promise

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Can we agree that data driven decisions produce the most favorable outcomes? The mega database of customer info compiled by the World Advertising Research Centre of New York City, USA and London, UK has since 1985 provided powerful information to business leaders and enabled them to develop marketing strategies and campaigns that attract the attention prospective customers and persuade them to try a product or service or persuade existing customers to become frequent users, meaning repeat customers, of a product or service. WARC data points to a product’s brand promise as the definitive ingredient of successful marketing and brand-building campaigns. The right brand promise, one that target customers perceive as memorable, valuable and deliverable, has the power to influence the purchasing behavior of your target customers and convert them to buyers. WARC data also indicates that a well-crafted brand promise not only translates into purchases and sales revenue, but also provides a blueprint that can be used to devise successful marketing strategies and campaigns.

In other words, the key to successful brand-building is a clear and specific brand promise that target customers feel can be fulfilled. Such a brand promise has been shown to result in marketing campaigns that positively impact sales revenue and also help to shape effective marketing strategies and campaigns.

Commit to the brand promise

WARC research shows that brand promises that target customers trust and believe will be delivered result in sales of the product or service. Roger L. Martin, a former dean of the Rotman School of Management at the University of Toronto (Canada) and author of A New Way to Think (2022); Jann Martin Schwartz, founder and Senior Global Director at the LinkedIn B2B Institute and Mimi Turner, head of Europe, Middle East, Africa and Latin America operations at the LinkedIn B2B Institute teamed up to more closely examine the question of effective marketing—how can business owners and leaders make it happen?

Martin, Turner and Schwartz sought to understand the active ingredients, if you will, of a marketing campaign—what makes it successful? The team recognized the potential appeal of the brand promise and they began by classifying WARC marketing campaign data according to whether or not a verifiable brand promise was made to customers. They found that of 2,021 campaigns analyzed, 40% (808) included an obvious brand promise and 60% (1,213) did not.

The first noteworthy finding of their research was campaigns that included a verified brand promise were more persuasive than campaigns with no brand promise in nearly every instance. In measures of brand perception, brand preference and purchase intent, 56% of campaigns offering a brand promise reported improvement. Market penetration increased in 45% of brand promise campaigns and market share increased in 27% of brand promise campaigns. The only metric in which a brand promise did not triumph was in generating social media buzz, where 55% of successful marketing campaigns omitted a brand promise.

Anatomy of a brand promise

As noted above, Turner, Schwartz and Martin started out by confirming the presence of a brand promise the the marketing campaigns; next, they categorized the type of brand promise made in campaigns where one was present. Most (89%) brand promises fit their definition of one or more of the following categories:

  • Emotional.

The researchers were surprised that a feel-good brand promise was the most popular category, with 35% assigned to this type. An emotional brand promise communicates the good feelings that will be experienced by customers who buy and use the product or service. A highly successful example of an emotional brand promise is the famous De Beers “A diamond is forever” marketing campaign brand promise that since 1947 has promised that the endurance of a diamond confirms the permanency and satisfaction of the marriage.

  • Functional

In 32% of the research sample, the brand promise stressed the reliability and functionality of the product or service. The FedEx “When it absolutely, positively has to be there overnight” campaign brand promise of 1978 was so powerful that it resulted in the creation of a new verb—to FedEx. The campaign’s brand promise can also be said to convey an emotional brand promise as well: customers don’t have to worry, because it’s FedEx.

  • Enjoyable to buy

Some companies (22%) took the unusual stance of portraying the enjoyment customers will experience as they shop for and buy a product or service. A good example an enjoyment-based brand promise is provided by the paint maker Sherwin-Williams; the company won the 2022 B2B Grand Prix at the prestigious Cannes Film Festival for its campaign based on an artificial intelligence tool that allows customers to create and choose a paint color by using voice to describe it (“a turquoise like the sea in the Maldives,” for example). Designers and architects swooned and prospective customers were convinced.

After the research team categorized the types of brand promises companies tend to make, they examined factors that make a brand promise strongly appealing to customers. Again, three features dominated successful campaigns:

  • Memorable

Surprisingly, making it known that a company is not the top seller in the marketplace can be highly persuasive. “We’re Avis and we try harder” was the slogan of the second-largest car rental company (after Hertz).  Within a year of its launch, Avis went from losing $3.2 million a year to earning $1.2 million a year. Advertising executives called the campaign the most brilliant of the 20th century.

  • Valuable

Customers must want what the brand promise offers, especially when the promise is communicated and perceived as an upgrade from circumstances that are perceived as unsatisfactory or lackluster. Prospective customers must feel that the value is relevant.

Deliverable

A defining characteristic of a brand promise is that it represents a guarantee; the customer must be able to recognize that the brand promise can be fulfilled and the benefits from its fulfillment will meet expectations. For that reason, making a brand promise is a risk. The research team’s assumption was that brand promises made campaigns were generally fulfilled, based on the success of the marketing campaigns studied.

Brand promise becomes strategy

The insight that effective brand building is anchored in a promise to the customer can do more for a company than just help it invest wisely in marketing. The promise can serve as the guiding principle of the marketing strategy, able to inform all promotional activities. A well-crafted and communicated brand promise is your North Star; creating and executing a brand promise is, the foundation of a strategy. From that brand promise/ strategy, you can understand how the company will beat its competitors, the value that customers see in your products and services, understand how the company position itself in the marketplace.

Below, Martin, Schwartz and Turner leave you with a five-step template that your company can use—a go-to-market brand promise development guide that also functions as the foundation of your marketing strategy. Furthermore, the study provides guidance about resources the company should dedicate to the various aspects of brand building, including which information sheds the most light on customer preferences, how to ensure that the most highly preferred aspects of the brand promise are delivered and how to effectively and efficiently communicating your brand promise.

  1. Step One is to understand customers well enough to know what constitutes memorability and value for them.

2. That understanding leads to Step Two, the development of a brand promise, expressed in a simple but compelling and memorable statement.

 3. In Step Three, your company publicly commits to the brand promise by launching the marketing campaign.

4. In Step Four, your company must communicate the brand promise to the target audience: If it isn’t received by way of the right channels, it can’t be effective.

5. Finally, in Step Five your company must fulfill the brand promise, or the promise will be largely worthless.

This cycle provides guidance about the resources the company must dedicate to the various aspects of brand building. How much should it dedicate to understanding customers? How much to designing and issuing a brand promise? How much to broadcasting and communicating it? And how much to ensuring that the key aspects of the brand promise are delivered? As the company repeats the cycle, it learns more about its strategic challenges and how to account for customer and competitor shifts.

The ultimate goal of a marketing campaign should be to go through the brand promise cycle often enough that your customers stop wondering whether you’ll make good on your promises. Once they assume that you will, they purchase out of habit rather than choice.

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: Photographed by James D. Love April 2021. William Hunn’s proposal to Brittney Miller included a helicopter ride over their home city of Atlanta, GA and Ms. Miller choosing one of the five engagement rings presented to her when she accepted his offer of marriage.

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Building a Referral Partnership

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Now that you’ve got your business up and running, beating the odds and experiencing some success—congratulations!— ambition may bring thoughts of growing your entity. It’s natural that you’ll want to realize the dream that drove you to launch a business. You’ll wonder how you might continue to grow your customer base and revenue and become a force in your marketplace.

You’re dreaming big but you’re also pragmatic; you’d prefer to attain growth without taking on onerous debt or committing to some other risky strategy. Your choice of strategies may be limited but there is at least one that, over time, has the potential to deliver the growth you’d like to see without putting a dent in your budget. Your ideal growth strategy could be a referral partnership.

A referral partnership is an agreement in which business entities refer customers to one another. A well-chosen and consistently executed referral partnership agreement can become an important element of a business growth strategy and enable the participating businesses to reach new markets and access new customers to whom they can introduce their respective brands as they book additional revenue. While the reciprocal benefits of referred customers is the foundation of the agreement, in some instances a bonus might be paid for referrals that result in a sale or billable hours. Negotiating an agreement that is considered advantageous to the parties is crucial to building a successful and sustainable referral partnership agreement.

The principal building block of a successful referral partnership is your list of potential partners whose customers can be reasonably expected to become your customers as well, as your own customers can likewise be recommended to your referral partner’s business as a potential customer. The viability of a referral partnership rests on what you and your partner can offer one another.

When you think of business colleagues, or even your customers, whose product and/or service line complements, but does not compete with, your offerings you can create a short list of potential candidates and discuss the possibility of creating a referral partnership. There are other factors to consider when selecting those you’d like to discuss a referral partnership, as you might expect, including identifying a potential partner who shares your values and whose customers can be expected to have the motivation to do business with you and vice versa.

Once you have selected a partner, it is important to develop a clear plan for how the referral partnership will work and expectations for its performance. It should also outline the roles and responsibilities of each party.

Building blocks of a sustainable referral partnership

  • Trust

Trust is a core aspect of finding the right fit in a business partner, and evaluating trustworthiness often comes down to conversations, track record and intuition. This is why it’s essential to take the time to have those pivotal discussions around vision, values, professional and personal background. Sadly, the business relationship you went into with such high hopes and visions of the money the parties will make is closer to fantasy than reality. In fact, some 50 to 80% of partnerships fail in the first few years. Before you finalize a deal, build a strong foundation of mutual respect and trust with your referral partner to increase your chances of success.

  • Similar values

To create a beneficial small business partnership, there needs to be common ground. For this reason, it’s important to ensure your prospective partner shares business goals and values that are aligned with yours. This goes beyond the desire to simply make a profit — it means confirming that you share similar core values that guide how you conduct business.

  • Define roles and responsibilities

Although there’s no legal requirement for a written contract that details the terms of a referral partnership agreement, getting things on paper will help participants to establish accountability, avoid miscommunication and defuse the potential for conflict that might arise from an underwhelming outcome, for example. Your referral partnership document can summarize the expected duties that participants will undertake to promote, whenever appropriate, selected products and services of a referral partner. A written agreement demonstrates that each participant is satisfied with the terms, in particular the amount of work that must be done to generate viable referrals. The terms and conditions of your referral partnership agreement might reasonably include:

  • Describe the responsibilities and expectations of participating companies (owners and staff)
  • Define what constitutes a referral
  • When referral bonuses (if applicable) will be paid and the amount paid per referral
  • Length of the partnership
  • Results that define success or failure
  • Timeline for assessing initial results and for declaring the partnership a success or failure
  • How the partnership can be terminated

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: © Everett Collection, photo by Conrad Hall (1970 Academy Award Best Cinematography) Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969) starred Robert Redford (L) as the Sundance Kid and Paul Newman as his partner in crime Butch Cassidy. The film was nominated for Best Director and Best Picture at the Academy Awards and won four Oscars, including Best Original Screenplay and Best Cinematography.

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What Creating Value Means Now

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https://neilpatel.com/blog/create-value-in-b2b-markets/

When providing B2B products and services is the focus of your business, it has always been necessary to create, demonstrate value as a means to attract and retain customers. Perceived value, often delivered as convenience, simplicity or cost saving, is a time-honored motivating factor in this sector. Of course you understand this basic calculus but like everything else, as business conditions, technological advancements, shifts in population, or the cost of living are impacted by various factors, then how value is perceived will also evolve. To complicate matters, you can also throw in the question of how value can be not only created, but also maintained and expanded. To dive into this subject, I turned to marketing savant Neil Patel.

As I knew he would, Neil Patel provides a practical explanation of how the potentially confusing matter of B2B value might best be approached and delivered when instability is the order of the day. To start, he segments customer buying behavior into five areas and labels them as “particularly important for B2B markets since these customers are keenly aware of and interested in anything that gives them an edge or adds to their success”.

  • Response – The knowledge that someone understands your problem and is ready to solve it
  • Service – The ability to clearly spell out the details while eliminating all of the risk (or perceived risk). Can also affect the credibility and trustworthiness of the company depending on how well they handle service-related needs.
  • Quality – A consistent formula that results in well-made products or services that help the customer achieve their goal(s)
  • Price – An assigned value that’s clear, practical and competitive
  • Time – The product or service is dependable, has a sensible learning curve, demonstrates clear return on investment in a shorter period

Having identified factors that were identified as decisive in both his corporate practice, which includes global players such as Amazon, Intuit and Microsoft, as well as the work he does with much smaller B2B entities, he discovered an uncomfortable truth—B2B customers aren’t going to tell you what they want. In fact, they may not immediately recognize, or are unable to describe, the value that will activate their Buy Now button. Your prospects cannot paint a picture of what they’re really looking for and that makes it very difficult for you to offer reasonable solutions that might be evaluated. But the good news is that Patel recognizes that the five decisive factors that govern perceived B2B value can be measured and they can be impacted and improved.

You Are More than Your Product or Service

All of these things add to the core value of the product and/or service, making it so much more. Companies that fail to demonstrate the benefits of these things in ways that customers can understand and appreciate will find themselves hard-pressed to justify the value of their product – particularly where price is concerned.

Notice that there’s one (very important) factor I’ve left out of the value puzzle – trust. Trust supersedes all of the other motivations in this list – however, it’s not something that can be outwardly measured. If you don’t have the customer’s attention, you can build up all of the other facets as much as you like, and you’ll get absolutely nowhere with them. But building trust centers on ensuring that you have the rest of the factors presented in a way that’s relatable, understandable and most importantly, actionable.

All that will happen only when the five critical factors are in place and leading you to create value thar customers will recognize, when they see it.

All of these things add to the core value of the product, making it so much more. Companies that fail to demonstrate the benefits of these things in ways that customers can understand and appreciate will find themselves hard-pressed to justify the value of their product – particularly where price is concerned.

So Why Is So Much of “Creating Value” Focused on the Price?

A lot of discussions about creating value center on price – but this perspective is misleading at best. The truth is, all of the other four facets of value-building: response, time, quality and service, make it possible to justify the price. If the customer isn’t on board with any one of them, you’ll have a hard time closing the sale.

Competing on price alone is a race to the bottom for B2B companies

So how to you make sure that the customer doesn’t simply hinge on price? Follow these steps:

Discover What the Customer is Willing to Pay For

Notice I didn’t say “discover what the customer is willing to pay”. You can uncover a great deal about what a customer values by simply talking to them. They’ll make it abundantly clear if you ask the right questions, especially where previous vendors are concerned. Everything from technical support and training to white-label options is on the table here, and when you find a collection of things that’s high on their priority list, you can:

Hit All the Right Buttons

B2B buying decisions are rarely made by one person. You’ll need to have the whole C-suite, marketing, sales and other executive members of the team on board – and all of them value different things. Don’t hesitate to demonstrate how your product or service can affect a priority of the marketing department, save hours of time for sales and otherwise provide demonstrable ROI to the C-suite. With this in mind, perhaps most importantly, you should:

Sell the Results, Not the Features

Don’t just tell them about the benefits, let them envision the outcomes for themselves. Always remember that the first use of your product or service is in your customer’s mind. When you can communicate the ROI they get in real, measurable ways – whether that return is in profits, time saved or anything else the customer values, you’ll have their attention and most likely their name on the client roster.

Never Stop Improving

Finally, even if you’ve created a fine-tuned money-printing Value Machine, your work is still not done. Even though you’re not competing purely on price, if a competitor can demonstrate that they provide similar (or superior) benefits at a lower price, you’ll find yourself on the defense. In order to continually outperform the competition, it pays to have a finger on the pulse of not only trends within your industry, but trends within your customers’ industries as well.

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: Work crew drilling through solid rock to create the Panama Canal, Panama, 1906 (Everett Historical)

Professional Development , , , , Leave a comment

One Sentence Team Building

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The ability to harness the energy, creativity and productivity derived from group collaboration—-teamwork—-is a defining characteristic of good leadership. The best leaders have learned how to guide and inspire their teams, learned how to both challenge and support them. They know how to rally the team to deliver exceptional results and achieve mission critical goals that move organizations to greatness.

Effective leaders know that becoming a trusted and supportive resource for their teams is fundamental to achieving excellence. The best leaders demonstrate their commitment to the team by enabling the group to deliver results that meet or exceed expectations.. In their interactions with team members, the best leaders may make a simple but profound appeal to their team members with the question , “What can I do to help?”

This innocuous and disarming question is surprisingly powerful. When a leader asks this question, s/he opens the door to a teamwork culture that introduces a mentoring aspect to team building. With this question, the leader offers opportunities for confidence, trust and relationship-building that are often overlooked benefits of team building and often unacknowledged ingredients of a team’s success.

Unfortunately, the trite statements typically made by team leaders to express a willingness to advise team members who may be, at some point during the project assignment, uncertain about how best to proceed, often do not motivate team members to step forward with questions. How many times have you heard leaders insist that their “door is always open?” While no doubt spoken with good intentions, this statement often fails to encourage requests for help. Neither does it invite team member suggestions that may increase productivity or enhance results. Leaders who understand and fully inhabit their responsibility to the team know to be more emphatic in their outreach. They ask how they can help.

Communicate value, drive results

Ask the question during one2one meetings or project update check-ins. You’ll soon realize that knowing they are supported and valued greatly reassures your team members. You’ll be pleased to discover that members of your team will not only be comfortable discussing their questions, but might also share their thoughts on how to improve the results of project deliverables.

“Just ask” statements don’t feel real. A more direct and specific offer of assistance breaks down barriers and creates a safe space where team members can drop their guard. Team leaders may eventually realize that the silence that resulted when a general “just ask” offer didn’t mean that team members would not have welcomed opportunities to talk; it’s more likely that they weren’t sure how to ask for it, or worried that they might look less than smart if they did.

Asking “What can I do to help?” not only benefits team members lucky enough to be asked the question; leaders who are insightful enough to ask also benefit. Choose to extend yourself to your team and you’ll be rewarded with the recognition of the value you bring to your team and, by extension, your client. How powerfully affirming it is when the members of the client teams you expertly lead spread the word about how rewarding it was to work with you. Exceeding expectations and creating a satisfying project experience is everything you aspire to achieve.

Reward initiative

Be aware that more frequently than some realize, there may also be team member or two looking to receive support for contributing an outside-the-box idea to the project. Smart leaders are always willing to hear the ideas that team members would like to share. Some novel ideas may be feasible and others may not, but it’s important to welcome initiative and creativity.

Leaders who habitually refuse to consider unexpected methods or perspectives, who don’t reward a team member’s passion for giving the best of him/herself to the work, will eventually see that suggestions of useful ideas, along with the commitment and focus that created them, will cease. Team members who have no incentive to bring the best of themselves eventually pull back. They resign themselves to operate as mere functionaries, a waste of precious human capital.

By welcoming creativity, curiosity, diligence, attention to detail and basic pride in one’s work, high-functioning team leaders nurture an environment where useful ideas, perhaps unexpected, are allowed to surface and impact productivity and performance for the good.

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: The Bad News Bears (1976) starring Walter Matthau (center left) and Tatum O’Neal (#11)

Sales , , , , Leave a comment

On Becoming an Expert

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Can we agree that competition for the eyeballs, ears and wallets of prospective customers in both the B2B and B2C sectors has resulted in near-intolerable noise in the marketplace? As a result, the 70% or so of Americans who are Freelance solopreneurs or small business operators face an uphill battle to get noticed by those who might become your customers. So the big question is—-what strategies might you employ to persuade prospects that you are The One? In the B2B sector, perhaps the most effective way to gain trust and sign contracts is to present yourself as an expert throughout the buyer’s journey and particularly in decision-making conversations.

To win clients, Freelance consultants have to be the smartest ones in the room, or at least make everyone think they are. On the other hand, you can’t look like a smart-aleck know- it-all because diplomacy matters. Just keep in mind that successful Freelancing is about inspiring trust and confidence and building relationships. Everything you do must support those objectives, which are the pillars of your business. Let’s look at some pivotal moments in a sales conversation where you can reveal your expertise and win over prospects.

Problem-solver not sales rep

Rule #1 of sales is to sell the customer how s/he wants to be sold. The way that prospective customers, especially in B2B, want to be sold is to first, connect with a problem-solving expert who’ll listen and learn what s/he needs to achieve and then recommend potential solutions that are tailored to the prospect’s objectives. High pressure sales pitches have no place in the scenario and are best left in scary memories of the 20th century.

Question, listen, diagnose

Think like a doctor and listen well to accurately diagnose the problem or objective the prospect must resolve or achieve. Ask open-ended questions that encourage the prospect to open up and talk. Your questions should aim to uncover the frustrations associated with the problem, the importance of achieving the objective and the impact of either on the prospect’s business. Ask questions to also discover if the customer has attempted to “self-treat” and attempt to solve the problem in-house. As the prospect tells the story, you’ll envision potential solutions that your organization can provide.

BTW, if you realize that you’re not a fit, it will reflect well on you to make a referral to a colleague or even acompetitor. Do that and you’ll enhance your credibility and brand. You might even get some business from this prospect in the future, either directly or through a referral.

Share experiences, show empathy

Let the prospect know that you are an seasoned problem-solver who has successfully resolved knotty problems before and helped customers achieve mission-critical, high profile goals. As an expert, you have valuable industry experience that prospective customers will be reassured to hear. A short, well-told war story or two will increase your perceived value. Moreover, your anecdotes will help the customer to feel more comfortable to spill the tea and tell you what’s really going on. Plus, it’s a great relationship- building technique.

Talk just enough

Another sales rule is that the seller talks just 15% of the time. In a sales meeting, the floor belongs to the prospect. You’re there to ask the right questions, share a good war story or two to give the prospect confidence in your abilities and judgment and then suggest a couple of possible solutions.

Through your questions, you will control the conversation and the sale. Follow this rule and prospects will respect you as a trusted expert, one with whom they’d be happy to do business.

Thanks for reading,

Kim

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What Scientists Know About Virtual Meetings

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Experience has shown us that video meetings and face2face meetings are not interchangeable. Videoconference meetings, while very appealing in ways too numerous to list, nevertheless come with some noticeable drawbacks.

Video meetings are often a little stilted and sometimes borderline awkward. Participants can have trouble signing on. Wavering WiFi signals will cause one or two people to drop out for a couple of minutes, leaving them to struggle to reconnect, maybe by walking to another part of the room in search of a better signal.

Still, video meetings are great for remote team check-ins and board or committee meetings. We are social creatures and enjoy being able to see who we’re talking to. But as the meeting progresses it becomes clear that communication does not flow nearly as well as in our face2face meetings.

On top of access and connectivity issues that interrupt the meeting pace, normal conversation rhythm is also stymied, because video signals are slightly delayed. We try to compensate for unnatural pauses that cause people to talk over one another by waiting (usually too long) to respond.

Scientists who study human perception say that aside from the technical annoyances, the big problem with video is that it disrupts normal eye contact, especially how long and how often we look at each other. In a study led by Isabelle Mareschal, PhD, Psychology Department Chair at Queen Mary University in London, and her colleagues at their visual perception lab asked experiment subjects to watch a video of a face that turned to look directly at them. Study subjects initially found the gaze enjoyable, but after as little as three seconds most found the gaze to be unsettling.

Now consider the protocol at a virtual meeting—- we are expected to maintain unbroken eye contact with the speaker or risk being considered inattentive, if not rude. It’s just that our brain is uncomfortable with this practice. No wonder we find more than one videoconference per day to be draining.

Videoconferencing also disrupts what is known as synchrony, the unconscious call and response speaking rhythm that we lapse into when communicating face2face. Synchrony also persuades us to unwittingly mimic the body language and posture of the person we’re speaking with.

So we smile when we receive cues that our conversation partner will respond favorably if we do, or we’ll put on a serious facial expression when people in the room look worried or upset. “People start to synchronize their laughter and facial expressions over time,” says Paula Niedenthal, PhD, a psychologist and expert in the science of emotion at the University of Wisconsin/ Madison. She continues, “That’s really useful because it helps us predict what’s coming next.”

The ability to unconsciously and accurately predict our conversation partner’s emotional state is crucial to feeling connected, research shows. The problem with videoconferencing is that so many facial expressions—-that sparkle or cloud in the eyes, or subtle posture and hand gestures—-are obscured. We cannot consistently predict and validate the nonverbal cues of virtual meeting participants. We become vulnerable to feeling awkward and eventually, alienated.

Andrew S. Franklin, PhD, a psychologist at Norfolk State University in VA, says the first problem with Zoom is that the platform is programmed to continually show the user an image of him/herself, “So you’re trying to get out of the habit of staring at yourself.” That fascination, or discomfort, breaks the participant’s attention, drawing it away from the speaker and disrupting the transmission of whatever facial and body language cues one might otherwise pick up. Worse, that Brady Bunch Zoom meeting line-up, whether shown in a horizontal or vertical configuration on your device, brings in too many pairs of eyes to confront.

Daniel Nguyen, PhD, a scientist and director of (the global consulting firm) Accenture Lab in Shenzhen, China, investigated how people bonded (or not) while videoconferencing. For the experiment, Nguyen and his team divided study subjects into pairs: some conversing pairs used a video set- up that showed only faces; another video pairing set- up displayed face and upper body; the third conversation design was an in-person chat. As revealed in observations, the in- person pairs developed the strongest bonds and the face and torso set- up elicited bonding that was fully twice that of the face only set- up.

Furthermore, Nguyen prefers the vertical screen view on our phones over the horizontal screen view that desk models, laptops and tablets give us because the vertical view showcases more of the body and less background scenery.

Guided by the results of their experiment, Nguyen and his co-authors now sit a few feet away from their keyboards when in video meetings, so that their upper body will be visible. Providing your videoconference partners with a more expansive view of you helps them achieve synchrony with you and the potential for mutual bonding will be enhanced.

Nguyen and colleagues also have recommendations for your videoconference vocal style. “Ramp up the words that you’re saying,” he advised, “and exaggerate the way you say it.” To be honest, I don’t know how to interpret that bit of stage direction. How about we just avoid speaking in a monotone and add a little energy to our speech, taking care to speak a little more slowly and remembering to enunciate clearly?

Probably the most formidable obstacle of videoconference communication is how to develop trust when doing business. It’s not easy to build bonds, to truly get to know someone and develop lasting rapport through online encounters, even when you see who you’re talking to. Nguyen said his research found that, “In a videoconferencing situation, trust is quite fragile.” He and his team demonstrated that in video, “Trust is diminished overall.” Nguyen suggested that when building trust is critical, opportunities to meet in person at least some of the time will help build bonds that make remote collaboration more successful.

Elena Rocco, PhD, in a 1998 study at the University of Michigan Collaboratory for Research on Electronic Work, demonstrated that groups that connect solely online (in her study email was the online format) do not collaborate effectively. But when her study subjects were able to meet face2face for brief periods, their willingness to cooperate and collaborate rose dramatically. Face2face meetings make a difference and opportunities to allow in person meet- ups should be made, even when online communication is more convenient.

I feel that although working from home is all the rage now, in two or three years companies will move to reverse the trend and bring employees back to the office, at least for part of the week. Without reading any studies, I knew that virtual meetings can never adequately replace face2face interactions.

Ben Waber, President and co-founder of Humanyze, a company that creates software that allows organizations to map internal communications, understands very well how employees communicate and how their communication correlates to their company’s health.

Waber suspects that in the long run, a company’s culture and creativity risk declining in a heavily remote-working structure. Employees can’t get to know one another as well when they don’t regularly interact face2face. He predicts that profitable companies will initially continue to be profitable despite their significant dependence on virtual communication but damage will become evident a year or two down the line, when the quality of new ideas become less bold and innovative. He concludes, “I think we’re going to see this general degradation of the health of organizations.”

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Photograph: Kim Clark. Doorway of the original location of the Forsyth Dental Infirmary for Children.