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What Do You Spend to Get a New Customer?

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Do you know how much you spend, on average, to convert a prospect into a paying customer—attracting the prospect’s attention, educating the prospect about your brand, your services and your products, instilling confidence and building trust—and making a sale? Have you tallied up the combined cost per customer of your marketing campaigns, selling expenses, referral programs, customer onboarding and the like and calculated the average amount of the marketing spend that supports the growth of your customer list—and your revenue, as a result? What kind of a return on investment are you getting from your marketing campaigns and sales strategy?

You may not know in the moment your company’s average customer acquisition cost, but it would be a good idea to update it (or figure it out) and keep that number in mind, because your CAC is a metric that reveals an important story about how your business functions. Customer Acquisition Cost is a key performance indicator, although not necessarily in the way many business owners and leaders think. CAC shines a bright light on the performance of company operations and outcomes, including the business model, which is the essential plan for making money. The metric also reveals the effectiveness of your overall marketing strategy, which reflects your marketing acumen and, in the end, can make a credible prediction of your organization’s potential for profitability and expectations for growth and scalability.

CAC is a metric that can be benchmarked against an industry standard and it’s a smart idea to research your industry’s average CAC and use the benchmark number as a guideline. Learning the CAC benchmark for your industry will enable you to identify a reasonable dollar amount for your marketing and sales budgets and help you avoid either overspending or underinvesting on marketing activities—which you rely on to bring paying customers into the business.

Familiarity with the CAC benchmark in your industry also enables you to evaluate your performance as a marketer. For example, if your company’s CAC is significantly higher than industry average, it could indicate problems with your marketing strategies or sales strategies and practices—-you’re spending money but not bringing in enough customers, or not the right customers, to generate a healthy marketing ROI. On the other hand, if your CAC is rather low as compared to the industry benchmark, it suggests that you may be under-funding marketing. If that’s the case, then theoretically you could assume that spending more on marketing would bring in more customers that fit your definition of ideal. In other words, CAC reflects the effectiveness of your marketing practices and can help you set realistic goals, as well as identify where you need to do better.

Calculate CAC by dividing total marketing and sales expenses by the number of new customers you’ve brought to the business within a given period—annually or quarterly, for example. Because many businesses serve more than one customer segment, it will make sense to separately calculate CAC according to customer segments, which could be based on demographic factors and might also involve differences in sales cycle length or competitive landscape. Incidentally, B2B entities typically have a longer sales cycle and tend to have a higher average CAC than B2C companies.

You’ll also want to segment your spend on the marketing channels you use—e.g., email marketing, social media advertising, customer relations management software subscriptions, and/or attending trade shows—and calculate the corresponding CAC figures. But what does understanding CAC really do for you? CAC is about documenting, analyzing and tracking over time the amount you spend on various customer segments, plus your marketing channels and sales strategies, that are used to convert prospects into paying customers.

There is also the matter of a customer’s average lifetime (revenue) value. You already know that a campaign to bring in a new customer costs at least 5x more than what you must do to retain an existing customer. Nevertheless, you may want to calculate the average amount of revenue that will flow to your business over the length of time that a customer does business with your organization. The question is addressed by calculating Customer Lifetime Value, a metric that is foundational to long-term revenue growth. Additionally, CLV factors into CAC, because it determines the return on investment (ROI) of the customers you acquire.

Calculate CLV by multiplying the Average Purchase Value x Purchase Frequency x Average Customer Lifespan. For instance, if you provide subscription services or have customers on a retainer agreement, you can calculate customer lifetime value by multiplying the amount of the subscription or retainer fee by the length of the subscription or retainer contract (purchase frequency) to arrive at CLV for one customer for one year (CLV is typically calculated on a one-year time frame).

Another useful metric is the CLV: CAC ratio, which compares Customer Lifetime Value (CLV) to the Customer Acquisition Cost (CAC). The ratio documents the revenue an average customer brings to your business, as compared to what was spent to acquire that customer. A desirable CLV: CAC ratio should be at least 3:1, meaning that every dollar of marketing spend will result in three dollars of revenue generated by a customer. A ratio less than 3:1 indicates your company’s marketing efforts are producing less than stellar returns, while a ratio far in excess of 3:1 suggests that you could produce more revenue growth with an increased marketing spend.

Make a point to benchmark your CAC against industry averages and to understand what good marketing and sales performance looks like. Here’s how to get started on figuring out your company’s CAC:

  • Define customer acquisition process and goals.

Make a comprehensive assessment of you acquire customers—paid social media ads, organic social media outreach, thought leadership, e.g. public speaking, hosting a podcast, and/or publishing a newsletter, word-of-mouth and referrals? Have you developed an inbound marketing/ sales funnel to capture prospects who search online to find a B2B Freelance professional services provider in your category? Next, decide what represents a realistic customer acquisition goal for your organization—how many active customers can you reasonably expect to have on your roster in a typical year?

  • Segment your CAC by different variables

Consider how to segment your customers, keeping in mind customer demographics and accounting for the marketing channels and options you employ. Get comfortable with the fact that your CAC for certain channels might be higher than your benchmarked industry average, which means that you’re spending more to acquire customers through those channels. By segmenting your CAC, you can identify the best and weakest performers in your marketing and sales strategy and optimize your resource allocation accordingly by dropping certain options and increasing your investment in better performing channels.

  • Document your marketing and sales budget

Once you’ve chosen your CAC segments, you can look at what each of them costs—identify and quantify all costs directly related to acquiring new customers. These may include advertising, content creation, SEO, social media, email marketing, webinars, CRM software and/or buying your way into business association events that allow you to network effectively. You can use tools such as Google analytics, Facebook Pixel, or HubSpot to track and measure the performance of your different channels and campaigns.

  • Select your time period

Decide on the time period for which you will calculate your CAC—quarterly or annually should make sense for your business. You need to match your marketing and sales expenses and your new customers to the same time period for your CAC calculation.

  • Calculate your CAC

To calculate your CAC, divide the total amount of money spent to finance your marketing and sales activities by the number of customers you acquired in a given period, and apply customer segments that reflect demographic groups and the primary marketing channels you use.

  • Research your industry CAC average

To benchmark your CAC, compare your number with the industry averages for your niche, product or service and target market. Because  CAC can vary widely depending on the industry, the business model, the product, the target market, and the marketing channels used. Therefore, it is essential to benchmark your CAC against relevant and reliable sources of data, such as industry averages and competitors.

  • Compare CAC: CLV ratio

CAC alone does not necessarily indicate a revealing story about the health of your business, but the story will be more telling when you look to CLV and learn the average amount of revenue that you generate from a customer over the span of the business relationship. Be sure to follow-up with an examination of the CAC: CLV ratio, which tells you the amount of revenue generated per money spent on marketing and sales functions. A common rule of thumb is that your LTV should be at least three times your CAC. This would indicate that you have a positive ROI from your marketing and sales efforts.

Finally, keep in mind that CAC is not a static metric and remember that it can and will vary when impacted by various factors, such as certain fluctuations in your industry, organic changes in your product or service lifecycle, marketplace changes, especially changes in the competitive landscape or pricing. You will be wise to monitor and analyze your CAC regularly and adjust your marketing and sales strategies accordingly. 

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: © Chestnut Hill College, Philadelphia, PA

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3 Ways That Competition Works for You

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When you operate a business, competition is a fact of life. It’s only natural to be unsettled by the thought of competition—it could put me out of business!—but in fact, the presence of competitors in your marketplace sector is a good sign, better than you think. If you adjust your perspective and dial back your (understandable) fear, you’ll learn that competition can pay dividends. You have to know where to look.

To make competition work for you, begin by identifying your principal direct and indirect competitors. Direct competitors offer products and/or services very similar to what your entity provides; indirect competitors offer “Plan B, ” products or services in a different category altogether but which your target customers perceive as an attractive alternative. For example, a box of chocolates and a bouquet of roses are indirect competitors for Valentine’s Day gift giving.

B2C business owners can easily ID and research competitors who operate either a physical location or e-commerce site by running a key word search and browsing competitors’ websites. You can also follow-up and visit storefronts, to check out the location and the merchandise and say hello to the owner (or the manager). B2B business owners can likewise conduct a key word search and visit the websites of direct and indirect competitors who operate in your geography (or beyond). You can evaluate the products and services catalogued on the sites, but meeting your B2B competitor peers will probably take some effort. Most work from home and even if an office is maintained, it would be inappropriate to drop in without an appointment. Your best option is to look for competitors at business association meetings and other networking events.

It’s good business to benchmark two or three of your most successful direct and indirect competitors and learn the secrets of their success. Some of what they do might work for you, too! Read on to learn how you can turn competition into a win for your entity.

Barometers of marketplace potential

This insight is only an estimate and is not based on metrics specific to your organization but as a rule, if businesses similar to your own are doing well in your marketplace, it’s indication that your venture could also do well. That local competitors are thriving is convincing evidence that there is money to be made.

Remember, though, that many factors contribute to building a successful business and in the B2B sector that would include influential relationships and strength of reputation, access to decision-makers and the ability to consistently meet or exceed client expectations. Another factor is market saturation—established companies may be doing well, but is there enough demand to allow newcomers to prosper?

How you can succeed

Not only are competitors your canary in the coal mine of marketplace potential, another useful dividend that competitors offer is teaching you to become a more astute business operator. So as you study the websites of your main competitors, pay attention to the descriptions of direct competitors—products and services that resemble yours—and indirect competitors—products and services that offer a credible alternative to what you sell.

Furthermore, make note of the calls-to-action you see—which are especially clever and compelling?, the blog or newsletter archive, scheduled speaking engagements—what are the topics and who is the host organization?—and the client list. Those operating in the B2C space can browse the websites of competitors (or visit a local store) and inspect the products and services offered, note the pricing strategy, assess any add-on and up-selling deals and even see the available payment options. In either the B2B or B2C space it will also be instructive to tour the social media accounts—which platforms are used?— and witness how competitive brands interact with customers.

It’s best if you don’t simply copy everything your competitors do. Every business is unique, even amongst direct competitors. If something looks like an intriguing possibility for your venture, test for effectiveness and optimize for your target clients and brand.

You are also advised to resist the urge to compete on price, unless your competitive intelligence shows that your prices are significantly higher than the amount charged by two or more competitors for a similar product or service. It’s tempting to cut prices to gain market share, but it’s a strategy that seldom works in the long run. Aiming to under-price competitors can only put you in a race to the bottom and that’s not what you want. Particularly in the B2B sector, focus on demonstrating and articulating value as you position your products and services in a premium tier.

Cooperate and collaborate when necessary

Now to be seriously counterintuitive, the most savvy and pragmatic Freelancers recognize that it is not a given that competitors are destined to be your adversaries. Assuming that there will always be a certain amount of hostility between you is shortsighted and could possibly cause you to lose out in some way. While you may never trust certain competitors, it’s nevertheless a good idea to be strategically cooperative when necessary. Ideally, there will be enough trust and respect that allows you to build alliances, cooperate when necessary and, in some cases, even collaborate with selected competitors (while observing boundaries, of course).

You never know what the future will bring—the time may come when it’s mutually beneficial for you and a competitor to align professionally and do a little business.  For example, if a policy or piece of legislation is expected to have a strongly positive or negative impact on your industry or working environment, it would be a compelling ice-breaker if you were to reach out to certain competitors and propose that you join forces to oppose or endorse pending legislation that could affect your livelihood.

Don’t be shy about engineering an introduction if you are fortunate enough to encounter one (or more) of your competitors at a chamber of commerce or other meeting. Your competitive intelligence strategy is to be friendly and ask for an exchange of business cards, so that you’ll have contact info. Getting to know your competitor colleagues as individuals is good business. You never know where those relationships might lead.

Thanks for reading,

Kim

Image: © The Walt Disney Company. Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs the animated movie produced by Walt Disney Productions and released by RKO Pictures in 1937. Based on the 19th century German folk tale published in Volume I of Grimm’s Fairy Tales (1812) by the brothers Jacob (1785-1863) and Wilhelm (1786-1859) Grimm of Hanau, Germany.